Engineering workspace
Find the right calculation.
46 tools for engineering practice and learning. Review inputs, units and assumptions as you work.
Thermal
12 toolsReynolds, Prandtl and Péclet Numbers
Calculate dimensionless transport groups and diffusivities from fluid properties, a speed and a characteristic length. Defaults are an illustrative property set, not a certified fluid state.
Wet Steam Mixture Properties
Pure water at liquid–vapor equilibrium, using absolute pressure in Pa. The range is 611.657 Pa through pressures strictly below 22064000 Pa. Quality is undefined at the critical point; numerically unresolved phase boundaries are rejected.
Steam Quality from Enthalpy
Pure water at liquid–vapor equilibrium, using absolute pressure in Pa. The range is 611.657 Pa through pressures strictly below 22064000 Pa. Quality is undefined at the critical point; numerically unresolved phase boundaries are rejected.
Water Saturation Pressure
Pure water liquid–vapor equilibrium from the triple-point temperature 273.16 K to the critical point 647.096 K. Pressure is absolute, never gauge; temperature input uses kelvin.
Water Saturation Temperature
Pure water liquid–vapor equilibrium from the triple-point temperature 273.16 K to the critical point 647.096 K. Pressure is absolute, never gauge; temperature input uses kelvin.
Pipe Heat Transfer and Insulation
Steady one-dimensional radial heat flow, constant properties and bulk temperatures along the length; perfect layer contact, no internal heat generation. Actual diameters are required, not nominal pipe sizes.
Composite Wall Heat Transfer
Model up to three solid layers between two fluids. Number layers from side 1 toward side 2; set unused layer thicknesses to zero and retain positive conductivity inputs.
Surface Convection
Calculate surface convection using Q̇ = hAΔT and q″ = hΔT.
Thermal Radiation to Large Surroundings
Net thermal radiation: Q̇ = εσA(Ts⁴ − Tsur⁴). Absolute temperatures must be entered in kelvin.
Sensible Heat
Q = mcΔT; heat capacity C = mc. Negative Q represents heat removed.
Free Linear Thermal Expansion
ΔL = αL₀ΔT; final length = L₀ + ΔL. Cooling or a negative expansion coefficient can produce contraction.
Plane Wall Heat Conduction
For steady one-dimensional conduction, heat rate = kAΔT/L and wall resistance = L/(kA).
Measurement & Control
6 toolsTwo-Input Measurement Uncertainty
Propagate two input standard uncertainties through addition, subtraction, multiplication or division. Standard uncertainty is expressed as a standard deviation; do not enter a tolerance bound or expanded uncertainty unchanged.
First-Order Process Response with Delay
EU means engineering unit. Use consistent input/output units; gain is output-unit change divided by input-unit change. This is a stable linear first-order-plus-dead-time process initially at equilibrium, with one sustained step at time zero.
Current-Loop Voltage Budget
Model one DC series loop with a two-wire loop-powered transmitter, resistive receiver and total outgoing-plus-return cable resistance. Use the lowest available supply and worst-case device data for your selected current.
4–20 mA to Engineering Value
EU means your chosen engineering unit: use the same unit for both endpoint values and the engineering input/output. No unit conversion is performed. Current is in mA, not A.
Engineering Value to 4–20 mA
EU means your chosen engineering unit: use the same unit for both endpoint values and the engineering input/output. No unit conversion is performed. Current is in mA, not A.
Repeated Measurement Statistics
Calculate mean, median, sample standard deviation and standard error from repeated readings in the same unit.
Mechanics
6 toolsBeam Bending from Section Properties
Uniform homogeneous linear-elastic slender beam, constant EI, small deflection and principal-axis bending. Loads act in the bending plane without torsion. I is the area second moment about that axis, not polar or mass inertia; c is the farthest material fibre from the neutral axis.
Circular Section Properties
Concentric circular opening; zero inner diameter selects solid. A = π(Do² − Di²)/4; Ix = Iy = π(Do⁴ − Di⁴)/64. A circle has the same centroidal second moment about every in-plane diameter.
Rectangular Section Properties
Concentric rectangular opening with sharp corners. Set both inner dimensions to zero for solid. A = bh − bi hi; Ix = (b h³ − bi hi³)/12; Iy = (h b³ − hi bi³)/12. Wall thickness may differ horizontally and vertically.
Circular Shaft Torsion and Power
Uniform circular shaft with concentric bore, homogeneous isotropic material, constant torque and linear elastic small-strain response. Enter diameters, not radii. Inner diameter zero selects a solid shaft.
Rectangular Beam Stress and Deflection
Analyze a solid rectangular beam under a downward point load plus a uniform full-span load. Choose simple supports with a central point load, or a left-fixed cantilever with a tip load.
Axial Bar Stress and Extension
For a uniform bar under centered axial load, stress σ = F/A, strain ε = σ/E, and length change δ = εL.
Fluid Mechanics
2 toolsNormal Shock: Downstream State and Pressure Loss
Stationary, one-dimensional normal shock; calorically perfect ideal gas, constant R and γ. Upstream Mach must exceed 1 for a shock; exactly 1 is the zero-strength limit. Inputs use the shock-fixed frame, absolute pressure and Kelvin.
Gas Speed of Sound, Mach and Stagnation State
Calorically perfect ideal gas with constant specific gas constant R and γ > 1. Enter static absolute pressure and Kelvin temperature, not stagnation conditions. Defaults approximate dry air; no atmospheric or composition lookup is performed.
Electrical
3 toolsAC Power: Single and Balanced Three Phase
Sinusoidal steady-state AC power for a passive single-phase load or a balanced three-phase load. Enter RMS values and displacement power factor from 0 to 1.
Series RLC Circuit and Resonance
Sinusoidal steady-state series RLC circuit with ideal linear components and positive total series resistance. Enter RMS source voltage, frequency in Hz, inductance in henries and capacitance in farads.
DC Resistor Current and Power
For an ideal ohmic resistor, I = V/R and P = VI = V²/R.
Hydraulics
6 toolsLiquid Water Properties by Temperature and Pressure
Pure liquid water properties from temperature and absolute pressure, using IAPWS SR6-08(2011) and SR1-86(1992). Supported range: 0.01–110 °C, pressure at or above saturation and no greater than 0.3 MPa (300000 Pa).
Water Pipe Pressure Loss with Temperature
Calculate pure-water density and viscosity from temperature and inlet pressure, then estimate straight horizontal pipe friction. Liquid-water range: 0.01–110 °C and saturation pressure through 300000 Pa absolute.
Hydrostatic Pressure
For a fluid at rest with constant density and gravity: Δp = ρgh.
Dynamic Pressure
Dynamic pressure q = ½ρv² is kinetic energy per unit volume.
Pressure Drop Calculator
Calculates pressure drop using the Darcy-Weisbach equation
Pipe Sizing Calculator
Finds a minimum internal bore satisfying the supplied mean-velocity and straight-pipe pressure-gradient limits.
Valves
1 toolsHVAC
4 toolsHumid Air Properties
Calculate humidity ratio, dew/frost point, enthalpy, specific volume and moist-air density from temperature, relative humidity and absolute pressure.
Air Heating, Cooling and Condensate
Uniformly heat or cool an ideal moist-air stream at constant pressure to a specified outlet temperature. If cooling reaches saturation, remove liquid water and return saturated outlet air. No bypass or added moisture is modeled.
Adiabatic Mixing of Two Humid Airstreams
Mix two ideal moist-air streams adiabatically at a common pressure, with no work, heat transfer, added water or condensation. Inputs are dry-air mass flows, not total moist-air mass flows or volume flows.
Humid Air from Dry and Wet Bulb
Calculate an ideal moist-air state from dry bulb, thermodynamic wet bulb and absolute pressure, using ASHRAE relationships adapted from MIT-licensed PsychroLib.
Pumps
2 toolsReservoir-to-Reservoir Pump Duty
Combine reservoir elevation and pressure differences with pipe and local losses at an entered flow rate.
NPSH Calculator
Reservoir model: NPSHA = (surface absolute pressure − vapor pressure)/(density × g) + liquid elevation − suction losses; negligible reservoir velocity
Acoustics
2 toolsSound Intensity Level
Convert positive intensity to level: L = 10 log₁₀(I/Iref).
Spherical Sound Spreading
Ideal full-sphere spreading: I = P/(4πr²), then L = 10 log₁₀(I/Iref).